"bedō" meaning in All languages combined

See bedō on Wiktionary

Noun [Proto-Germanic]

IPA: /ˈbe.ðɔː/
Etymology: Disputed: most likely from either Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰedʰ- (“to ask for, beseech”) or *bʰedʰ- (“to bend, bow”), the former depending on the outcome of Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰ in Germanic, which otherwise was *w or *g; see *banô and *berô for other proposed examples of *gʷʰ- > *b-. Kroonen, though doubtful of this sound change, admits *gʷʰedʰ- is a better semantic match. For *bʰedʰ-, compare however Sanskrit ज्ञुबाध (jñu-bā́dha, “bending the knee, kneeling (in reverence)”), which would then have parallels in Old English cnēow-ġebed and Old Saxon kneo-beda (“prayer (on one's knees)”), all literally “knee-bend”. Etymology templates: {{root|gem-pro|ine-pro|*bʰedʰ-|*gʷʰedʰ-|id=bend}}, {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*gʷʰedʰ-||to ask for, beseech}} Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰedʰ- (“to ask for, beseech”), {{m+|ine-pro||*gʷʰ}} Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰ, {{cog|sa|ज्ञुबाध|t=bending the knee, kneeling (in reverence)|tr=jñu-bā́dha}} Sanskrit ज्ञुबाध (jñu-bā́dha, “bending the knee, kneeling (in reverence)”), {{cog|ang|cnēowġebed|cnēow-ġebed}} Old English cnēow-ġebed, {{cog|osx|kneobeda|kneo-beda|prayer (on one's knees)}} Old Saxon kneo-beda (“prayer (on one's knees)”) Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-noun}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], bedō [nominative, singular], bedôz [nominative, plural], bedō [singular, vocative], bedôz [plural, vocative], bedǭ [accusative, singular], bedōz [accusative, plural], bedōz [genitive, singular], bedǫ̂ [genitive, plural], bedōi [dative, singular], bedōmaz [dative, plural], bedō [instrumental, singular], bedōmiz [instrumental, plural]
  1. a request; a prayer; plea Wikipedia link: Brill Publishers Tags: feminine, reconstruction Synonyms: *bedą Related terms: bedą, bēdiz, bidilaz, bidjaną
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
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          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
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              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "bede"
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              "descendants": [
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                  "word": "bead"
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                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
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              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
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              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
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            },
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                {
                  "lang": "English",
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                  "word": "bede"
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              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "bode"
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                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
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              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "boede"
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            {
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                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
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                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
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                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
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                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
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                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
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              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "ȝebed"
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                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
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                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
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                {
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                  "lang_code": "sco",
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                  "word": "bede"
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                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
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              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "ibæd"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
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                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
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                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "raw_tags": [
                "Early Middle English",
                "conflated with Old English ġebed"
              ],
              "word": "ibed"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "word": "bedu"
        },
        {
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            {
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              "lang_code": "enm",
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                {
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                  "lang_code": "en",
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                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
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                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
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                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
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                  "lang_code": "sco",
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              ],
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              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "bed"
            },
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                  "lang_code": "en",
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                  "lang_code": "sco",
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              ],
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              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "beed"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
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                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
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                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "beode"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
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                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
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              ],
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              "lang_code": "enm",
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            {
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                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
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                  "lang": "Scots",
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                  "word": "bead"
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                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
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                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "boede"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "ȝebed"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "ibæd"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "raw_tags": [
                "Early Middle English",
                "conflated with Old English ġebed"
              ],
              "word": "ibed"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "word": "beodo"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Saterland Frisian",
              "lang_code": "stq",
              "word": "Beed"
            },
            {
              "lang": "West Frisian",
              "lang_code": "fy",
              "word": "bea"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Frisian",
          "lang_code": "ofs",
          "word": "bede"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds-de",
                  "word": "Beed"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "Bede"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "bēde"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Saxon",
          "lang_code": "osx",
          "word": "beda"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Afrikaans",
                      "lang_code": "af",
                      "word": "bede"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Dutch",
                  "lang_code": "nl",
                  "word": "bede"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Dutch",
              "lang_code": "dum",
              "word": "bēde"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Dutch",
          "lang_code": "odt",
          "word": "beda"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "tags": [
                    "obsolete"
                  ],
                  "word": "Bete"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "altered after bitten"
                  ],
                  "word": "Bitte"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle High German",
              "lang_code": "gmh",
              "word": "bëte"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "tags": [
                    "obsolete"
                  ],
                  "word": "Bete"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "altered after bitten"
                  ],
                  "word": "Bitte"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle High German",
              "lang_code": "gmh",
              "word": "bët"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old High German",
          "lang_code": "goh",
          "word": "beta"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
      "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
      "word": "*bedu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Gothic",
      "lang_code": "got",
      "roman": "bida",
      "word": "𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰedʰ-",
        "4": "*gʷʰedʰ-",
        "id": "bend"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʷʰedʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to ask for, beseech"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰedʰ- (“to ask for, beseech”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*gʷʰ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰ",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ज्ञुबाध",
        "t": "bending the knee, kneeling (in reverence)",
        "tr": "jñu-bā́dha"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit ज्ञुबाध (jñu-bā́dha, “bending the knee, kneeling (in reverence)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "cnēowġebed",
        "3": "cnēow-ġebed"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English cnēow-ġebed",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "kneobeda",
        "3": "kneo-beda",
        "4": "prayer (on one's knees)"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon kneo-beda (“prayer (on one's knees)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Disputed: most likely from either Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰedʰ- (“to ask for, beseech”) or *bʰedʰ- (“to bend, bow”), the former depending on the outcome of Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰ in Germanic, which otherwise was *w or *g; see *banô and *berô for other proposed examples of *gʷʰ- > *b-. Kroonen, though doubtful of this sound change, admits *gʷʰedʰ- is a better semantic match. For *bʰedʰ-, compare however Sanskrit ज्ञुबाध (jñu-bā́dha, “bending the knee, kneeling (in reverence)”), which would then have parallels in Old English cnēow-ġebed and Old Saxon kneo-beda (“prayer (on one's knees)”), all literally “knee-bend”.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bedō",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a request; a prayer; plea"
      ],
      "id": "en-bedō-gem-pro-noun-J65FEr~8",
      "links": [
        [
          "request",
          "request"
        ],
        [
          "prayer",
          "prayer"
        ],
        [
          "plea",
          "plea"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "bedą"
        },
        {
          "word": "bēdiz"
        },
        {
          "word": "bidilaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "bidjaną"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*bedą"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbe.ðɔː/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bedō"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "bede"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "bed"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "beed"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "beode"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "bode"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "boede"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "ȝebed"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "ibæd"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "raw_tags": [
                "Early Middle English",
                "conflated with Old English ġebed"
              ],
              "word": "ibed"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "word": "bedu"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "bede"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "bed"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "beed"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "beode"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "bode"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "boede"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "ȝebed"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "ibæd"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bead"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "bede"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "beid"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "raw_tags": [
                "Early Middle English",
                "conflated with Old English ġebed"
              ],
              "word": "ibed"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "word": "beodo"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Saterland Frisian",
              "lang_code": "stq",
              "word": "Beed"
            },
            {
              "lang": "West Frisian",
              "lang_code": "fy",
              "word": "bea"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Frisian",
          "lang_code": "ofs",
          "word": "bede"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds-de",
                  "word": "Beed"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "Bede"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "bēde"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Saxon",
          "lang_code": "osx",
          "word": "beda"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Afrikaans",
                      "lang_code": "af",
                      "word": "bede"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Dutch",
                  "lang_code": "nl",
                  "word": "bede"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Dutch",
              "lang_code": "dum",
              "word": "bēde"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Dutch",
          "lang_code": "odt",
          "word": "beda"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "tags": [
                    "obsolete"
                  ],
                  "word": "Bete"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "altered after bitten"
                  ],
                  "word": "Bitte"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle High German",
              "lang_code": "gmh",
              "word": "bëte"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "tags": [
                    "obsolete"
                  ],
                  "word": "Bete"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "altered after bitten"
                  ],
                  "word": "Bitte"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle High German",
              "lang_code": "gmh",
              "word": "bët"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old High German",
          "lang_code": "goh",
          "word": "beta"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
      "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
      "word": "*bedu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Gothic",
      "lang_code": "got",
      "roman": "bida",
      "word": "𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰedʰ-",
        "4": "*gʷʰedʰ-",
        "id": "bend"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʷʰedʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to ask for, beseech"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰedʰ- (“to ask for, beseech”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*gʷʰ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰ",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ज्ञुबाध",
        "t": "bending the knee, kneeling (in reverence)",
        "tr": "jñu-bā́dha"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit ज्ञुबाध (jñu-bā́dha, “bending the knee, kneeling (in reverence)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "cnēowġebed",
        "3": "cnēow-ġebed"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English cnēow-ġebed",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "kneobeda",
        "3": "kneo-beda",
        "4": "prayer (on one's knees)"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon kneo-beda (“prayer (on one's knees)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Disputed: most likely from either Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰedʰ- (“to ask for, beseech”) or *bʰedʰ- (“to bend, bow”), the former depending on the outcome of Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰ in Germanic, which otherwise was *w or *g; see *banô and *berô for other proposed examples of *gʷʰ- > *b-. Kroonen, though doubtful of this sound change, admits *gʷʰedʰ- is a better semantic match. For *bʰedʰ-, compare however Sanskrit ज्ञुबाध (jñu-bā́dha, “bending the knee, kneeling (in reverence)”), which would then have parallels in Old English cnēow-ġebed and Old Saxon kneo-beda (“prayer (on one's knees)”), all literally “knee-bend”.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bedō",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "bedą"
    },
    {
      "word": "bēdiz"
    },
    {
      "word": "bidilaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "bidjaną"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic nouns",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰedʰ- (bend)",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷʰedʰ-",
        "Proto-Germanic ō-stem nouns",
        "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a request; a prayer; plea"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "request",
          "request"
        ],
        [
          "prayer",
          "prayer"
        ],
        [
          "plea",
          "plea"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*bedą"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbe.ðɔː/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bedō"
}

Download raw JSONL data for bedō meaning in All languages combined (12.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (d1270d2 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.